Primary Tooth Extraction
What Is Primary Tooth Extraction?
Primary tooth extraction removes a primary tooth that cannot be saved with restoration or pulp treatment, or that is infected or traumatised.
Primary teeth support chewing, speech, aesthetics and space maintenance, so the extraction decision is made carefully.
Indications
Advanced decay, an infected tooth with apical abscess, a non-restorable fracture or orthodontic space planning may be reasons. Trauma-related mobility or pulp necrosis can also require extraction.
Not every decayed primary tooth is extracted; preventive, restorative and pulp-treatment options are assessed first.
Extraction Process
The procedure is usually a simple extraction under local anaesthesia; complex root morphology may require a surgical approach. The permanent tooth germ underneath must be protected.
After extraction, gauze pressure is used and bleeding control is explained to parents. Behaviour guidance or sedation can be planned separately according to age and cooperation.
Difference from Permanent Tooth Extraction
Primary tooth extraction focuses on space-maintainer planning and monitoring eruption of the permanent tooth. Permanent tooth extraction is a lasting loss and may require orthodontic or prosthetic planning.
Primary roots may resorb physiologically, and the technique may differ from permanent-tooth extraction.
Aftercare and Space Maintenance
Soft foods, gentle oral hygiene and caution with play activities are advised. Mild swelling or discomfort can occur; medication should follow the dentist’s advice.
In early loss, the need for a space maintainer is assessed separately, and eruption of the permanent tooth is followed at regular visits.
Before extraction, radiographs assess root morphology and the permanent tooth germ underneath. Emergency protocols may be used for extractions after trauma.
If signs of infection such as fever or severe swelling occur after extraction, urgent assessment is advised.
After extraction, occlusion and the position of neighbouring teeth are assessed; the risk of space loss is monitored.
Parents should receive post-extraction care instructions both verbally and in writing.